Choosing the right fabrics for your sewing projects involves more than just selecting a colour and pattern. You also need to consider the nature of the fabric, how it feels against your skin, its durability, and, if you’re environmentally conscious, its sustainability.
Arming yourself with knowledge before you start shopping for fabrics online or in local stores will help you make choices that represent your values and fulfil your requirements. Below, we’ll explore the distinctions between natural and synthetic fabrics, as well as their pros and cons.
Natural Fabrics
What They Are?
Natural fabrics are made from natural sources, such as plants and animals. Their softness and breathability are exceptional. Animal-based fibres, such as silk and wool, are prized for their warmth and rich texture. These fibres have been staples in human clothing for centuries due to their breathability, biodegradability, and comfort against the skin.
Pros
One of the greatest benefits of natural fabrics is their environmental friendliness. Being derived from renewable resources like plants and animals means they are biodegradable, lessening their environmental impact when disposed of.
Natural fibres are renowned for their comfort, and you can notice this in the reviews sections when shopping for fabrics online. Their breathability makes them ideal for controlling body temperature and absorbing moisture, making them particularly suitable for hot climates and those seeking natural comfort.
The hypoallergenic characteristics of many natural fibres make them a better option for individuals with sensitive skin. They are less likely to trigger irritation or allergic reactions than synthetic materials.
Cons
Despite their benefits, natural fabrics tend to be less durable than synthetic ones. They may tear more easily, wear out faster, and alter shape after washing.
Natural fabrics usually require more delicate care and specific washing procedures. They may be less resistant to repeated washing and often require specialised cleaning methods to retain their quality.
The manufacturing of natural fabrics can also be more costly due to the resources required for cultivation and processing, resulting in a higher price tag for the consumer.
Examples
- Cotton: Cotton is a soft and fluffy fibre obtained from the cotton plant. It produces a soft and durable fabric commonly used in t-shirts and underwear. Common types of cotton fabrics include organic cotton, canvas, and denim.
- Linen: Linen fabric is a lightweight yet durable fabric derived from the flax plant. Its hypoallergenic and highly breathable characteristics make it an excellent choice for warm-weather clothing.
- Wool: Wool is made from the hair of animals such as sheep, goats, alpacas, and llamas. It features excellent warmth, absorbency, and durability. The lanolin oils in the fibre make it water-resistant. Wool is commonly used in outerwear and cold-weather clothing like sweaters and coats. Common types of wool include angora, cashmere, and mohair.
- Silk: Silk is a natural protein fibre produced by silkworms. Known for its sheen and softness, silk is used in a variety of garments, offering a luxurious feel and appearance.
Synthetic Fabrics
What They Are?
Synthetic fabrics are man-made fibres derived from chemical compounds, usually sourced from petroleum. Polyester, nylon, acrylic, and spandex are a few examples. These fibres are designed to have specific properties, such as durability, wrinkle resistance, and moisture-wicking abilities, making them suitable for a wide range of sewing projects.
Pros
Synthetic fabrics are known for their incredible durability. They are more resistant to wear and tear than natural fabrics, making them ideal for clothes that must withstand heavy use.
Clothing made of synthetic fabrics is generally easier to care for, making them ideal for daily usage. They can be machine-washed, dry quickly, and are resistant to wrinkles.
Synthetic fabrics are versatile and can be used for a variety of clothing, from lightweight, breathable sportswear to durable, insulating winter outerwear.
Cons
One of the main drawbacks of synthetic fabrics is their environmental impact. They are made from non-renewable resources such as petroleum and are not biodegradable. This contributes to landfill waste and ocean pollution via microfibres.
Some synthetic fibres offer less breathability than natural ones, which can result in discomfort in hot weather. This lack of breathability may make them unsuitable for certain clothing, particularly those that directly touch the skin.
Individuals with sensitive skin may find synthetic fabrics irritating, leading to discomfort.
Examples
- Polyester: Derived from coal and petroleum, polyester is a synthetic fibre known for its durability. However, it lacks breathability and does not absorb liquids effectively, making it less suitable for summer clothing.
- Spandex: Also known as Lycra or elastane, spandex is a synthetic fibre with tremendous flexibility. It’s combined with various fibres to create stretch and is used in garments like jeans, athletic wear, and hosiery.
- Rayon: Rayon is a semi-synthetic fibre derived from regenerated wood pulp. Although derived from plant fibres, it is classified as semi-synthetic due to the chemicals used in its production. Rayon can mimic the qualities of silk, wool, and other materials; examples include viscose, modal, and lyocell.
- Acrylic: Made from polymers such as acrylonitrile or vinyl cyanide, acrylic fabric is known for its ability to retain heat. Often referred to as fake wool, it’s commonly used to make faux fur and fleece.
The Verdict
Natural fabrics offer sustainability, comfort, and hypoallergenic properties but can be less durable and require more maintenance. Synthetic fabrics, on the other hand, are durable, easy to care for, and versatile, but they raise concerns regarding environmental sustainability and comfort in some situations.
For everyday comfort and environmental consciousness, natural fabrics like cotton and wool are ideal choices. However, synthetic fabrics may be more suitable for activities requiring durability and specific performance characteristics. By understanding the differences between these fabric types, you can make informed choices that align with your needs and values.
